Ⅰ.How to judge whether the large semi-trailer has engine failure
1. Watch the dashboard: If the engine fault light comes on, it usually means that there is a problem with one of the engine's systems or components.
2. Listen to the engine sound: the normal operation of the engine sound is smooth and uniform, if you hear abnormal tapping, friction or noise, it may mean that there is a fault inside the engine.
3. Check exhaust emissions: If the exhaust gas color is abnormal, such as black smoke, blue smoke or white smoke, it may indicate that the engine has different faults. For example, black smoke may be incomplete fuel combustion, blue smoke may be oil entering the combustion chamber, and white smoke may be coolant entering the cylinder.
4. Feel the dynamic performance of the vehicle: if the engine power significantly decreases, accelerates slowly or jitter, it is likely that the engine has a failure.
5. Read the fault code: Use professional diagnostic instruments to read the fault code in the engine computer to understand the type and location of the fault.
Ⅱ.The factors and causes of engine failure of large semi-trailer
1. Poor cooling system condition: the most common faults of automobile engines, such as live cylinder, knock, cylinder punch leakage, serious noise, acceleration power drop, etc., are caused by abnormal working temperature of automobile engine, excessive pressure, and poor cooling system condition. The poor condition of the cooling system will directly lead to the engine can not work at the normal temperature, followed by the above serious failure phenomenon.
2. Air filter blockage: The intake system of the engine is mainly composed of two parts: air filter and intake. According to the different use conditions, the air filter element should be cleaned regularly, and the method that can be used is to blow the dust in the filter element from inside to outside. Because the air filter element is paper, it is necessary to pay attention to the air pressure not to be too high when blowing, so as not to damage the filter element. The air filter element should be replaced with a new one after cleaning 3 times, and the cleaning cycle can be determined by the air quality of the daily driving area.
3. Oil deterioration and poor oil filter: the oil quality of different grades of lubricating oil will change during use. After a certain distance, the performance of the vehicle deteriorates, which may cause various problems for the engine. In order to avoid the occurrence of these failures, the oil should be changed regularly to the car in combination with the conditions of use, and the oil amount is moderate, generally between the upper and lower limits of the oil scale. When the oil passes through the fine hole of the oil filter, the solid particles and gunk in the oil are deposited in the filter. If the filter is blocked, the oil can not pass smoothly through the filter element, it will burst the filter element or open the safety valve, pass through the bypass valve, and still bring the dirt back to the lubrication part, promoting the engine wear to accelerate, and the internal pollution is added. Therefore, the regular replacement of the oil filter is equally important.
4. The air intake pipe is too dirty: if the vehicle often drives in the road condition area with more dust and poor air quality, it should pay attention to cleaning the air intake pipe to ensure the smooth flow of air intake. The intake pipe is very important for the normal operation of the engine, if the intake pipe is too dirty, it will lead to a decline in the inflation efficiency, so that the engine can not operate within the normal output power range, and aggravate the wear and aging of the engine.
5. Crankcase sludge too much: During the operation of the engine, the high-pressure unburned gas, acid, water, sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the combustion chamber enter the crankcase through the gap between the piston ring and the cylinder wall, so that it is mixed with the metal powder generated by the wear of the parts to form sludge. A small amount of sludge can be suspended in the oil, and when the equivalent is large, it will be precipitated from the oil, blocking the filter and the oil hole, causing the engine to be difficult to lubricate, thus aggravating the engine wear. In addition, the oil oxidation at high temperature will generate paint film and carbon bonded on the piston, so that the engine fuel consumption increases, the power decreases, and the piston ring is stuck and the cylinder is pulled in serious cases.
6. Poor maintenance of the fuel system: Maintenance of the fuel system includes replacing the gasoline filter, cleaning the carburetor or fuel nozzle and the oil supply line. In the process of combustion of fuel through the oil circuit to the combustion chamber, it will inevitably form gum and carbon deposits in the oil passage, carburetor, injector and combustion chamber, interfere with the flow of fuel, destroy the normal air-fuel ratio, make fuel atomization poor, resulting in engine panting, knocking, idling instability, poor acceleration and other performance problems. Cleaning the fuel system with a fuel system cleaner keeps the engine in top condition at all times.
7. Tank rust and scaling: Engine tank rust and scaling are the most common problems. Rust and scale will limit the flow of coolant in the cooling system, reduce the role of heat dissipation, lead to engine overheating, and even cause engine damage. Oxygenation of cooling liquid will also form acidic substances, corrosion of metal components in the tank, resulting in tank damage and leakage.
8. Non-scheduled maintenance: Usually people always like to invest a lot of money in the modification, but it is easy to ignore the scheduled maintenance of the engine. According to the experienced auto repair master said: "In the cars they have repaired, the failure of the vehicle caused by poor engine maintenance accounts for 50% of the total failure."
9. Unplanned maintenance: Abnormal cooling system causes abnormal engine heat dissipation, which will lead to overheating of the engine and affect the normal operation of the engine. The main reasons for abnormal cooling system are temperature controller failure, radiator failure, fan failure, water tank blockage and so on.
10. Air body filter and gasoline filter failure: the replacement cycle of the general gas filter and gasoline filter is one year or 40,000 kilometers, which can be extended and shortened according to the oil label and the use environment.
11. Ignition coil and spark plug failure: The failure of ignition coil and spark plug can also lead to lack of cylinder, resulting in weak acceleration. For example, if the dashboard reports a fault light, check the fault code for analysis.
12. Line failure: If the car is found to have a pungent smell or burning smell during driving, it should be stopped immediately, check whether there is a line softening or burning around the engine, and repair the burnt or short-circuited line in time to avoid greater safety accidents.
Ⅲ.The maintenance price of large semi-trailer engine failure (with China as the reference range)
The refurbishment price of different engines varies depending on a number of factors such as the model, engine type, location and the level of the repair shop. Here are some rough price ranges for refit based on common engine failures, for reference only:
1. If the fault is simple, such as the ignition system parts damage, the maintenance cost may be relatively low. For example, just replacing the spark plug, cylinder line and other parts, according to the general situation of automobile engine maintenance, the cost may be about hundreds of yuan, but this is only a rough estimate, because there is no specific reference for such maintenance price data of large semi-trailer engines. If it is a more serious failure, such as the piston, crankshaft and other key components inside the engine are damaged, the maintenance cost will be significantly increased. If it involves grinding the crankshaft or replacing the crankshaft and tile, it is usually about 3000 yuan for the truck, but this is only a reference value, and the actual model may vary by factors such as the model.
2. Different types of engines have large differences in the cost of their parts. Some advanced, high-performance engines, the price of their parts themselves is relatively high, and may be difficult to obtain in the market, which will increase maintenance costs. For example, some special models of imported engines may require parts to be ordered from abroad, which will bring additional transportation costs and time costs, thus increasing the maintenance price.
3. In China, labor costs and price levels are different in different regions. In economically developed areas, such as first-tier cities, the hourly cost of maintenance may be higher, while in some economically underdeveloped areas, the hourly cost is relatively low. At the same time, the supply of parts in different regions may also affect the maintenance price, if the local parts are easy to obtain, the price may be relatively stable; If parts need to be deployed from other regions, the cost may increase. When choosing a large semi-trailer, you can choose our company's large semi-trailer.
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Ⅳ.How to deal with engine failure during driving
(1) Immediate measures to be taken 1. Stabilize the steering wheel: In the case of a sudden engine shutdown, the first thing to do is to stabilize the steering wheel and avoid panic in the direction, so as not to cause greater danger. 2. Turn on the double flashing warning light: Observe the situation of the car through the rearview mirror, and turn on the double flashing warning light to provide warnings to vehicles. 3. Use inertia to stop slowly: try to use the inertia of the vehicle to stop in a safe place, and place a warning tripod behind the car.
(2) Check the fuel tank and oil circuit 1. Check whether the tank has enough gasoline, because too little oil is one of the common reasons for the engine not to start. 2. Check whether the oil circuit is normal, including whether the oil pipe is broken, whether the gasoline pump is working normally and whether the oil inlet is blocked.
(3) Check batteries and circuits 1. Make sure the battery is working properly, as low battery charge may cause the engine to fail to start. 2. Check whether there is a short circuit in the circuit, including the ignition switch, starter and fuse box.
(4) Check engine mechanical parts 1. Observe whether the engine belt is loose or broken, which will cause the engine to stall. 2. Pay attention to whether there is abnormal noise inside the engine, if there is, do not easily try to start the car, so as not to damage the engine.
(5) Check the cooling system and water tank
Check the water temperature and water quantity of the water tank to ensure that the heat dissipation system works normally to avoid overheating of the engine due to poor heat dissipation. 6. Seek professional helpIf the cause of the failure cannot be determined or the problem cannot be solved after self-inspection, call the tow truck immediately and wait for rescue.
Ⅴ.Maintenance of large semi-trailer engines
(1) Replace the oil and oil filter regularly - Oil is very important to the engine, it can play a role in lubricating and cleaning the internal parts of the engine. Regular replacement of oil and oil filter can keep the engine clean for a long time. Generally, the oil and oil filter can be replaced every 5000-10000 km according to the use of the vehicle.
(2) Check the cooling systemThe cooling system maintains the normal operating temperature of the engine and prevents overheating. Therefore, check the cooling system regularly for leaks and whether the coolant needs to be replaced.
(3) Clean or replace the air filter - The air filter prevents dust and impurities from entering the engine. It is generally recommended to replace every 10,000-20,000 kilometers, when used in a dusty environment, the replacement cycle should be appropriately shortened, and it is also necessary to clean regularly to ensure that the engine intake is clean and normal operation.
(4) Check and replace the spark plug - The spark plug plays the role of ignition, which directly affects the power and fuel consumption of the engine. It is necessary to check the working status of the spark plug regularly, and replace it in time if there is poor ignition and serious carbon accumulation.
(5) Check the belt - The belt is connected to all parts of the engine, and regular inspection and replacement of worn and aging belts can prevent belt breakage, so as to avoid affecting the normal operation of the engine.
(6) Keep the crankcase well ventilated - The gas entering the crankcase from the combustion chamber is corrosive and will oxidize the spoiled oil and pollute the engine. It is therefore necessary to ensure that the crankcase is well ventilated.
(7) Pay attention to the oil level - 1. Maintain normal oil level: when the amount of oil is insufficient, it will not only accelerate the deterioration of the oil, but also cause the burning of parts due to the lack of oil; Conversely, if there is too much oil, the oil will flow into the combustion chamber along the gap between the cylinder wall and the piston ring, causing the engine to burn the oil. In addition, the oil level is too high, which increases the mixing resistance of the oil, increases fuel consumption, and increases wear.2. Regularly check the oil level: often check the engine oil level, when insufficient, it should be added as soon as possible, and use the oil suitable for the engine, not the more expensive brand-name synthetic oil, the better, the best is suitable.
(8) Use fuel according to regulations - 1, the use of fuel in line with the regulations: the quality of fuel has a great impact on the combustion of the engine, poor quality gasoline will make the combustion chamber, injector, inlet and valve and other places produce a large number of carbon and glue, so that the engine idle instability, acceleration difficulties and other phenomena. 2. Pay attention to the amount of fuel in the tank: the amount of fuel in the tank should be kept as far as possible when the remaining 1/3 is refueled, so that the gasoline pump in the tank can dissipate heat well and ensure that the gasoline pump has a long enough life.
(9) Regular maintenance of engine oil and gas routes - The oil circuit and gas circuit of the engine are cleaned regularly to ensure the normal operation of the engine and reduce the possibility of failure.
(10) When starting the engine in a cold state, it needs to be preheated - At normal operating temperature, the operating resistance, wear, working stability and other aspects between the parts of the engine are the best, so when starting the engine in the cold state, the engine needs to be preheated.
(11) Control engine speed while driving - When driving, try to keep the engine speed below the red scale of the tachometer to avoid engine overload operation. Manual transmission vehicles should not drag as much as possible.
(12) Check the engine sound regularly - Start the engine in a quiet state to idle and accelerate the engine, and listen to whether the sound of the engine is normal. The sound of normal engine operation should be relatively low and regular, if there is a sharp sound, please go to the maintenance shop immediately for diagnosis to avoid greater damage caused by the fault.
Following these maintenance measures can ensure the good operation of the electrical system of the large semi-trailer and improve driving safety.
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