Glyoxylic acid CAS 298-12-4, has a molecular formula of C₂H₂O₃ and a molecular weight of 74.04. Its aqueous solution is a colorless transparent liquid, slightly soluble in ethanol, ether and benzene.
Glyoxylic acid is an important organic compound, consisting of an aldehyde group (-CHO) and a carboxyl group (-COOH), with a structural formula of HOCCOOH. It has a variety of physical and chemical properties, such as a relative density (d₂₀₄) of 1.384, a refractive index (n₂₀D) of 1.403, a boiling point of 111°C, a melting point of -93°C, a flash point of 103.9°C, and a vapor pressure of 0.0331mmHg at 25°C. It appears as white crystals with an unpleasant odor. Its aqueous solution is a colorless or light yellow transparent liquid, which is insoluble in ether, ethanol and benzene. It can absorb moisture and become a slurry in a short time after being exposed to air, and is corrosive.
Glyoxylic acid CAS 298-12-4 has a wide range of uses in different fields：
Cosmetic field: Glyoxylic acid is used as a perfumer and fixative for cosmetics in the cosmetic field.
Pharmaceutical field: Glyoxylic acid is a synthetic raw material for pharmaceutical intermediates such as antihypertensive drugs atenolol and D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine. Glyoxylic acid can be used to synthesize oral penicillin, allantoin, p-hydroxyphenylglycine, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, mandelic acid, acetophenone, α-thiophene glycolic acid, p-hydroxyphenylacetamide (cardiovascular disease and hypertension drugs such as atenolol). At the same time, it is used to produce anti-ulcer pharmaceutical products such as capsule and allantoin.
Agriculture: Scientists have developed a biomass-derived plastic to replace traditional plastics. This new plastic is made from cheap chemicals, in which glyoxylic acid can sandwich sugar molecules with “sticky” groups to act as a building block of plastic. In the agricultural field, this new plastic can be used in various applications such as packaging, textiles, medicine, and electronic products.
Environmental protection: The glyoxylate cycle is of great significance in the field of biochemistry. Especially in an environment lacking light, plants can convert fatty acids into sugars through the glyoxylate cycle to maintain the energy and carbon source required for growth, promote the material cycle of the ecosystem, and enhance the ability to adapt to adverse environments such as drought and high salt.
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